虞志淳;孟艳红;
YU Zhi-chun;MENG Yang-hong;Xi'an Jiaotong University;

• 1:西安交通大学

摘要(Abstract)：

选取关中农村地区三类民居——传统、自建、统建民居进行测试,以对比分析这三类民居在夏季的室内热环境与能耗情况。根据测试数据分析及热环境评价指标计算发现,三类民居室内热环境总体上处于夏季较热的现状,同时为改善室内热环境而产生了较高的能耗;其中传统民居在夏季的室内热环境与能耗要优于其余两种类型民居。由此提出采用适宜采暖与围护结构构造的方式优化门窗设计及屋顶形式等措施,改善民居室内热环境并降低能耗,为农村民居生态建设提供参考依据。
In order to improve the living comfort in rural areas and reduce energy consumption,to find out the problems of building envelope structure,the habitants 'behavior activities are investigated through the field test at Lingquan village and Dongfan rural community in Shaanxi Province.Through quantitative analysis method,this paper analyzes the indoor thermal environment and energy consumption in rural residential in the central Shaanxi plain and proposes corresponding findings and solutions.The Central Shaanxi Plain is located in the central part of Shaanxi Province and belongs to the cold zone Ⅱ in the thermal building division.The hottest month in summer is 23-25 ℃.The residence temperature and humidity are tested by selecting three kinds of typical residential dwellings:traditional,self-built and unified house,comparing and analyzing the indoor thermal environment and energy consumption in summer.The temperature and humidity recorder(Testo-175) is utilized to test these three kinds of typical residential dwellings' indoor thermal environment data for 48 hours during 18-23,July 2017.According to analysis of test data and calculation of thermal environment evaluation index,the indoor thermal environment is hot in summer generally,beyond the expected of cool rural area;meanwhile,those dwellings produce higher energy consumption for indoor thermal environment improvement.The humidity is basically within the comfort of the human body.The test results show that the average indoor temperature of traditional residential is 25.8 ℃ and 27.5 ℃;the self-built house is 23.8 ℃ and 26.6 ℃;and the unified house is 28.2 ℃ and 29.5 ℃.The indoor thermal environment and energy consumption of the traditional dwellings are better than the other two dwellings in summer.Therefore,reasonable heating and construction methods are applied to improve the indoor thermal environment and reduce the energy consumption,optimizing the design of doors and windows,and roof form,etc.,that provided the reference for the ecological construction of rural resident.Inadequate measures to prevent heat in summer,the lack of effective ventilation and heat reduction design,leading to excessive indoor temperatures and generating extra cooling energy consumption in summer,should pay attention to the summer heat-protection issues even in cold areas.The sloping roofs are promoted;under the sloping roof,the roof frame can form a temperature buffer,with better insulation and thermal insulation properties.The design of windows and doors needs optimization for the organization and use of natural ventilation,as the good ventilation in summer can effectively reduce the indoor temperature and reduce energy consumption.The earthen walls of traditional houses have good thermal insulation,which can be improved as retaining member,and a suitable supporting structure can be applied to the earthen walls of residential construction for reducing the energy consumption and enhancing the indoor comfort.The paper provides the test and analysis of the indoor thermal environment,and countermeasures will become a crucial reference and guidance for the design of rural residence in the future.

关键词(KeyWords)： 陕西关中;农村民居;室内热环境;评价指标计算;能耗分析;采暖;围护结构;生态建设
Central Shaanxi Plain;rural residential dwelling;indoor thermal environment;calculation of evaluation index;energy consumption analysis;heating;envelope;ecological construction

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目:西北地区农村聚居单元绿色建构研究(51678481)

作者(Authors): 虞志淳;孟艳红;
YU Zhi-chun;MENG Yang-hong;Xi'an Jiaotong University;

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